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2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies <div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Basis of PresentationThe financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and include all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position for the periods presented. Certain prior period amounts in the balance sheet and the statement of cash flows have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. </div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and expenses as well as related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, accrued research and development expenses, revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, and uncertain tax positions. The Company bases its estimates on its historical experience and on assumptions that it believes are reasonable; however, actual results could significantly differ from those estimates.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Risks and Uncertainties Any product candidates developed by the Company will require approvals from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or foreign regulatory agencies prior to commercial sales. There can be no assurance that the Company’s current and future product candidates will meet desired efficacy and safety requirements to obtain the necessary approvals. If approval is denied or delayed, it may have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business and its financial statements. The Company is subject to a number of risks similar to other late-stage biopharmaceutical companies including, but not limited to, dependency on the clinical success of the Company’s product candidate, tildacerfont, ability to obtain regulatory approval of tildacerfont, the need for substantial additional financing to achieve its goals, uncertainty of broad adoption of its approved products, if any, by physicians and consumers, significant competition, untested manufacturing capabilities, and dependence on key individuals and sole source suppliers. Global economic and business activities continue to face widespread macroeconomic and geopolitical uncertainties, including recent and potential future disruptions in access to bank deposits or lending commitments due to bank failures, labor shortages, inflation and monetary supply shifts, recession risks and potential disruptions from the ongoing wars in Ukraine and Israel and related sanctions. The Company continues to actively monitor the impact of these macroeconomic and geopolitical factors on its financial condition, liquidity, operations, and workforce. The extent of the impact of these factors on the Company’s operational and financial performance, including its ability to execute its business strategies and initiatives in the expected time frame, will depend on future developments, which are uncertain and cannot be predicted; however, any continued or renewed disruption resulting from these factors could negatively impact the Company’s business.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The Company maintains deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the financial institutions holding its cash and cash equivalents to the extent recorded in the balance sheets. </div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Segment ReportingThe Company operates and manages its business as one operating segment, which is the business of developing and commercializing novel therapies for rare endocrine disorders with significant unmet medical need. The Company’s chief executive officer, who is the chief operating decision maker, reviews financial information on an aggregate basis for allocating and evaluating financial performance. All long-lived assets are maintained in the United States of America.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with remaining maturities at the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents, which consist of amounts invested in money market funds, are stated at fair value.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Restricted Cash The Company had $35 thousand and $0.2 million of restricted cash as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which is related to collateralized cash in connection with letters of credit issued on behalf of the Company for the security deposits required under operating leases. Short-term restricted cash is included in other current assets on the balance sheets and long-term restricted cash is included in other assets on the balance sheets.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Fair Value of Financial InstrumentsFair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability, or an exit price, in the principal or most advantageous market for that asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Fair value measurement establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, where available, and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.The Company determined the fair value of financial assets and liabilities using the fair value hierarchy that describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value, as follows: <div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities; </div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Level 2—Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and </div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. </div></div>The Company’s financial instruments primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, term loan, and accrued expenses. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, and accrued expenses are generally considered to be representative of their respective fair values because of the short-term nature of those instruments. The estimated fair value of the term loan is based on market observable interest rates, which is considered a Level 2 fair value measurement. </div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Investments The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, on January 1, 2023. The Company’s investments are classified as available-for-sale and carried at estimated fair values and reported in cash equivalents, short-term investments, or long-term investments. Management determines the appropriate classification of the investments at the time they are acquired and evaluates the appropriateness of such classifications at each balance sheet date. Investments with contractual maturities greater than 12 months are considered long-term investments.For available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value and recognized in interest and other income, net in the statement of operations and comprehensive loss. If neither criteria is met, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value is related to credit-related factors or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. Credit-related impairment losses, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, are recorded through an allowance for credit losses in interest and other income, net. Any unrealized losses from declines in fair value below the amortized cost basis as a result of non-credit factors are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, along with unrealized gains. Realized gains and losses and declines in fair value, if any, on available-for-sale securities are included in interest and other income, net in the statement of operations and comprehensive loss. For purposes of identifying and measuring credit-related impairments, the Company’s policy is to exclude applicable accrued interest from both the fair value and amortized cost basis of the related security. The Company has elected to write-off uncollectible accrued interest receivable balances in a timely manner, which is defined by the Company as when interest due becomes 90 days delinquent. The accrued interest write-off will be recorded by reversing interest income. Accrued interest receivable is recorded in other current assets on the balance sheets.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Leases The Company determines if an arrangement includes a lease at inception. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date. The right-of-use asset includes any lease payments made on or before the lease commencement date, less lease incentives received. The incremental borrowing rate is used in determining the present value of future payments. The Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate, which is the rate incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the non-cancelable lease term. Variable lease expense relates primarily to office lease common area maintenance, insurance, and property taxes, is expensed as incurred, and is excluded from the calculation of the lease liability and right-of-use-asset. The Company does not have any finance leases.The Company has elected not to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for short-term leases. A short-term lease is a lease with an expected lease term of 12 months or less and which does not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. Lease agreements that include lease and non-lease components are accounted for as a single lease component. </div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and are included in other assets on the balance sheets. Depreciation expense is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the respective asset and begins at the time the asset is placed into service. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, and improvements are capitalized.<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The useful lives of property and equipment are as follows: <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:56.26%;"></td> <td style="width:43.74%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Computer and office equipment</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">3 years</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Computer software</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">3 years</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Furniture and fixtures</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">5 years</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Manufacturing machinery and equipment</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">7 years</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Leasehold improvements</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Lesser of lease term or 15 years</td> </tr> </table> </div>Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group to be tested for possible impairment, the Company first compares undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying value. If the carrying value of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying value exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary. There were no such impairment losses during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Accrued Research and Development Expenses Clinical trial costs are charged to research and development expense as incurred. The Company accrues for expenses resulting from contracts with clinical research organizations (“CROs”), consultants, and clinical site agreements in connection with conducting clinical trials. The financial terms of these contracts are subject to negotiations, which vary from contract to contract and may result in payment flows that do not match the periods over which materials or services are provided to us under such contracts. The Company’s policy is to reflect the appropriate expense in the financial statements by matching the appropriate expenses with the period in which services and efforts are expended. The CRO contracts generally include pass-through fees including, but not limited to, regulatory expenses, investigator fees, laboratory fees and other miscellaneous costs. The Company determines accrual estimates through reports from and discussion with clinical personnel and outside service providers as to the progress or state of completion of trials, or the services completed. The Company estimates accrued expenses as of each balance sheet date based on the facts and circumstances known at that time. The clinical trial accrual is dependent, in part, upon the receipt of timely and accurate reporting from the CROs and other third-party vendors. </div>If the actual timing of the performance of services or the level of effort varies from the original estimates, the Company will adjust the accrual accordingly. Payments associated with licensing agreements to acquire exclusive licenses to develop, use, manufacture and commercialize products that have not reached technological feasibility and do not have alternate commercial use are expensed as incurred. Payments made to third parties under these arrangements in advance of the performance of the related services by the third parties are recorded as prepaid expenses until the services are rendered. <div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenues when, or as, the promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements, the Company performs the following five steps: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligation(s) in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation(s) in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the performance obligation(s) are satisfied. The Company has entered into a licensing and collaboration agreement that primarily includes the following: (i) upfront cash consideration; (ii) payments associated with achieving certain milestones; and (iii) royalties based on specified percentages of net product sales, if any. At the initiation of an agreement, the Company analyzes each unit of account within the contract to determine if the counterparty is a customer in the context of the unit of account. At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods or services promised and enforceable in a contract with a customer and identifies those distinct goods and services that represent a performance obligation. If a promised good or service is not distinct, the Company combines that good or service with other promised goods or services until it identifies a bundle of goods or services that is distinct. Promised goods and services that are not material in the context of the contract are not considered performance obligations. Additional goods or services that are exercisable at a customer’s discretion are assessed to determine if they provide a material right to the customer and if so, they are considered performance obligations. The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer. The consideration promised in a contract with a customer may include fixed amounts, variable amounts, or both. Non-refundable upfront payments are considered fixed consideration and included in the transaction price. At the inception of arrangements that include variable consideration, the Company uses judgment to estimate the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price using the most likely method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal will not occur, then the estimated amount is included in the transaction price. Milestone payments that are not within the Company’s or the licensee’s control, such as regulatory approvals, are not included in the transaction price until those approvals are received. For arrangements with licenses of intellectual property that include sales-based royalties, including milestone payments based on the level of sales, and if the license is deemed to be the predominant item to which the royalties relate, the Company recognizes royalty revenue and sales-based milestones at the later of (i) when the related sales occur, or (ii) when the performance obligation to which the royalty has been allocated has been satisfied. At the end of each reporting period, the Company re-evaluates the estimated variable consideration included in the transaction price and any related constraint and, as necessary, adjusts the estimate of the overall transaction price. Any adjustments will be recorded on a cumulative catch-up basis, which would affect revenues and earnings in the period of adjustment. If it is determined that multiple performance obligations exist, the transaction price is allocated at the inception of the agreement to all identified performance obligations based on the relative standalone selling prices, unless the consideration is variable and meets the criteria to be allocated entirely to one or more, but not all, performance obligations in the contract. Other components of the transaction price are allocated based on the relative standalone selling price, over which the Company applies significant judgment. The Company develops assumptions that require judgment to determine the standalone selling price for license-related performance obligations under the adjusted market assessment approach, which may include forecasted revenues, development timelines, discount rates and probabilities of success. Revenue is recognized when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company recognizes revenue over time by measuring the progress toward complete satisfaction of the relevant performance obligation using an appropriate input method based on the nature of the good or service promised to the customer. The Company uses judgment to assess the nature of the performance obligation to determine whether the performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in time. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services to be provided.If a customer pays consideration, or the Company has an unconditional right to the consideration, before the satisfaction of the revenue recognition criteria, the amounts are recorded as deferred revenue in the Company’s balance sheet. The current portion of deferred revenue represents the amount of the performance obligation that is expected to be satisfied within the next twelve months. Amounts recognized as revenue prior to receipt or before they are due are recorded as contract assets in the Company’s balance sheet, excluding any amounts presented as accounts receivable. If the Company has an unconditional right to receive consideration, the contract assets are accounted for as accounts receivable and presented separately from contract assets. A net contract asset or liability is presented for each contract with a customer.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Research and Development Expenses Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses include, but are not limited to, personnel costs, fees paid to external entities that conduct certain non-clinical and clinical development activities on our behalf, manufacturing costs, outside service and consulting costs, and allocated overhead, including rent. Assets acquired that are utilized in research and development that have no alternative future use are also expensed as incurred. </div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Stock-Based Compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation using a fair value-based method, which requires the recognition of compensation expense for costs related to all stock-based payments including stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and purchase rights under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and purchase rights granted under the ESPP on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which is impacted by the fair value of the Company’s common stock, as well as changes in assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. The model requires management to make a number of assumptions which include the following: <div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Expected Term. The expected term is based on the simplified method, as the Company’s stock options have the following characteristics: (i) granted at-the-money; (ii) exercisability is conditioned upon service through the vesting date; (iii) termination of service prior to vesting results in forfeiture; (iv) limited exercise period following termination of service; and (v) options are non-transferable and non-hedgeable, or “plain vanilla” options, and the Company has limited history of exercise data. For the ESPP, the expected term is based on the term of the purchase period.</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Expected Volatility. The expected volatility is estimated using a combination of historical volatilities of the Company's stock and that of comparable publicly traded biopharmaceutical companies. In evaluating similarity, the Company considered factors such as market capitalization, stage of development, area of specialty, and stock-specific attributes. The Company will continue to apply this process and analyze the historical stock price volatility and expected term assumptions as more historical data for the Company’s common stock becomes available.</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Risk-Free Interest Rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury constant maturity rates with remaining terms similar to the expected term of the options.</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Expected Dividend Rate. The Company has never paid any dividends and does not plan to pay dividends in the foreseeable future, and, therefore, used an expected dividend rate of zero in the valuation model.</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Forfeitures. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. </div></div>The fair value of RSUs, including RSUs subject to performance-based vesting conditions, is based on the grant-date fair value of the Company's stock price. The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. For options and RSUs that vest upon the satisfaction of certain performance conditions, the Company recognizes compensation expense when it becomes probable that the performance conditions will be met. When the criteria are deemed probable of being met, the Company records cumulative compensation expense in the period the performance criteria are deemed probable of being met and recognizes the remaining compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the remaining period for which the performance criteria are expected to be completed. </div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Income TaxesThe Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. The Company estimates actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differences in accounting for reporting purposes and tax purposes for certain items, such as accruals and allowances not currently deductible for tax purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. In general, deferred tax assets represent future tax benefits to be received when certain expenses previously recognized in the Company’s statements of operations and comprehensive loss become deductible expenses under applicable income tax laws or when net operating loss or credit carryforwards are utilized. Accordingly, realization of the Company’s deferred tax assets is dependent on future taxable income against which these deductions, losses and credits can be utilized.The Company assesses the likelihood that the Company’s deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income, and to the extent the Company believes that recovery is not likely, the Company establishes a valuation allowance. The assessment of whether or not a valuation allowance is required often requires significant judgment, including the forecast of future taxable income and on-going prudent and feasible tax planning initiatives. Based upon the weight of available evidence, the Company has determined that net deferred tax assets should be fully offset by a valuation allowance. When the Company establishes or reduces the valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets, its provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made. The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 740. Tax positions are evaluated in a two-step process, whereby the Company first determines whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination by tax authorities, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on technical merit. If a tax position meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, it is then measured to determine the amount of benefit to be recognized in the financial statements. The tax position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to the underpayment of income taxes as a component of income tax expense or benefit. To date, there have been no interest or penalties charged in relation to unrecognized tax benefits.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Comprehensive loss Comprehensive loss represents the net loss for the period and other comprehensive income. Other comprehensive loss reflects certain gains and losses that are recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity and are not reflected in the statements of operations. The Company’s other comprehensive loss consists of changes in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, net of tax. There was no income tax effect related to unrealized gains and losses during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Net Loss per ShareBasic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common stock and potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period. For purposes of the diluted net loss per share calculation, outstanding stock options, RSUs, and shares expected to be issued pursuant to the ESPP are considered to be potentially dilutive securities. Because the Company has reported a net loss for all periods presented, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share for those periods. </div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Emerging Growth Company StatusThe Company is an emerging growth company (“EGC”) as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”) and may take advantage of reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable to public companies. Section 107 of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies are required to comply with those standards. The Company has elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Recent Accounting Pronouncements AdoptedIn June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 requires that financial assets measured at amortized cost be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect collectability. ASU 2016-13 also eliminates the concept of “other-than-temporary” impairment when evaluating available-for-sale debt securities and instead focuses on determining whether any impairment is a result of a credit loss or other factors. An entity will recognize an allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities rather than an other-than-temporary impairment that reduces the cost basis of the investment. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2023 and the adoption did not have any impact on the Company’s financial statements.</div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Not Yet AdoptedIn December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09, Income Taxes - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”) requiring enhancements and further transparency to certain income tax disclosures, most notably the tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 on a prospective basis and retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on the Company’s financial statements and related disclosures.In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”) which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through additional disclosures about significant segment expenses, including for single reportable segment entities. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendments should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. We are evaluating the disclosure requirements related to the new standard.</div>

35000

200000

P12M

Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and are included in other assets on the balance sheets. Depreciation expense is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the respective asset and begins at the time the asset is placed into service. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, and improvements are capitalized.<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The useful lives of property and equipment are as follows: <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:56.26%;"></td> <td style="width:43.74%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Computer and office equipment</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">3 years</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Computer software</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">3 years</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Furniture and fixtures</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">5 years</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Manufacturing machinery and equipment</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">7 years</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Leasehold improvements</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Lesser of lease term or 15 years</td> </tr> </table> </div>Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group to be tested for possible impairment, the Company first compares undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying value. If the carrying value of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying value exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary. There were no such impairment losses during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

P3Y

P5Y

P7Y

P15Y

Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenues when, or as, the promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements, the Company performs the following five steps: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligation(s) in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation(s) in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the performance obligation(s) are satisfied. The Company has entered into a licensing and collaboration agreement that primarily includes the following: (i) upfront cash consideration; (ii) payments associated with achieving certain milestones; and (iii) royalties based on specified percentages of net product sales, if any. At the initiation of an agreement, the Company analyzes each unit of account within the contract to determine if the counterparty is a customer in the context of the unit of account. At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods or services promised and enforceable in a contract with a customer and identifies those distinct goods and services that represent a performance obligation. If a promised good or service is not distinct, the Company combines that good or service with other promised goods or services until it identifies a bundle of goods or services that is distinct. Promised goods and services that are not material in the context of the contract are not considered performance obligations. Additional goods or services that are exercisable at a customer’s discretion are assessed to determine if they provide a material right to the customer and if so, they are considered performance obligations. The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer. The consideration promised in a contract with a customer may include fixed amounts, variable amounts, or both. Non-refundable upfront payments are considered fixed consideration and included in the transaction price. At the inception of arrangements that include variable consideration, the Company uses judgment to estimate the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price using the most likely method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal will not occur, then the estimated amount is included in the transaction price. Milestone payments that are not within the Company’s or the licensee’s control, such as regulatory approvals, are not included in the transaction price until those approvals are received. For arrangements with licenses of intellectual property that include sales-based royalties, including milestone payments based on the level of sales, and if the license is deemed to be the predominant item to which the royalties relate, the Company recognizes royalty revenue and sales-based milestones at the later of (i) when the related sales occur, or (ii) when the performance obligation to which the royalty has been allocated has been satisfied. At the end of each reporting period, the Company re-evaluates the estimated variable consideration included in the transaction price and any related constraint and, as necessary, adjusts the estimate of the overall transaction price. Any adjustments will be recorded on a cumulative catch-up basis, which would affect revenues and earnings in the period of adjustment. If it is determined that multiple performance obligations exist, the transaction price is allocated at the inception of the agreement to all identified performance obligations based on the relative standalone selling prices, unless the consideration is variable and meets the criteria to be allocated entirely to one or more, but not all, performance obligations in the contract. Other components of the transaction price are allocated based on the relative standalone selling price, over which the Company applies significant judgment. The Company develops assumptions that require judgment to determine the standalone selling price for license-related performance obligations under the adjusted market assessment approach, which may include forecasted revenues, development timelines, discount rates and probabilities of success. Revenue is recognized when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company recognizes revenue over time by measuring the progress toward complete satisfaction of the relevant performance obligation using an appropriate input method based on the nature of the good or service promised to the customer. The Company uses judgment to assess the nature of the performance obligation to determine whether the performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in time. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services to be provided.If a customer pays consideration, or the Company has an unconditional right to the consideration, before the satisfaction of the revenue recognition criteria, the amounts are recorded as deferred revenue in the Company’s balance sheet. The current portion of deferred revenue represents the amount of the performance obligation that is expected to be satisfied within the next twelve months. Amounts recognized as revenue prior to receipt or before they are due are recorded as contract assets in the Company’s balance sheet, excluding any amounts presented as accounts receivable. If the Company has an unconditional right to receive consideration, the contract assets are accounted for as accounts receivable and presented separately from contract assets. A net contract asset or liability is presented for each contract with a customer.

Stock-Based Compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation using a fair value-based method, which requires the recognition of compensation expense for costs related to all stock-based payments including stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and purchase rights under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and purchase rights granted under the ESPP on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which is impacted by the fair value of the Company’s common stock, as well as changes in assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. The model requires management to make a number of assumptions which include the following: <div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Expected Term. The expected term is based on the simplified method, as the Company’s stock options have the following characteristics: (i) granted at-the-money; (ii) exercisability is conditioned upon service through the vesting date; (iii) termination of service prior to vesting results in forfeiture; (iv) limited exercise period following termination of service; and (v) options are non-transferable and non-hedgeable, or “plain vanilla” options, and the Company has limited history of exercise data. For the ESPP, the expected term is based on the term of the purchase period.</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Expected Volatility. The expected volatility is estimated using a combination of historical volatilities of the Company's stock and that of comparable publicly traded biopharmaceutical companies. In evaluating similarity, the Company considered factors such as market capitalization, stage of development, area of specialty, and stock-specific attributes. The Company will continue to apply this process and analyze the historical stock price volatility and expected term assumptions as more historical data for the Company’s common stock becomes available.</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Risk-Free Interest Rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury constant maturity rates with remaining terms similar to the expected term of the options.</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Expected Dividend Rate. The Company has never paid any dividends and does not plan to pay dividends in the foreseeable future, and, therefore, used an expected dividend rate of zero in the valuation model.</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:4.537%;text-align:left;">▪<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Forfeitures. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. </div></div>The fair value of RSUs, including RSUs subject to performance-based vesting conditions, is based on the grant-date fair value of the Company's stock price. The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. For options and RSUs that vest upon the satisfaction of certain performance conditions, the Company recognizes compensation expense when it becomes probable that the performance conditions will be met. When the criteria are deemed probable of being met, the Company records cumulative compensation expense in the period the performance criteria are deemed probable of being met and recognizes the remaining compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the remaining period for which the performance criteria are expected to be completed.

Income TaxesThe Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. The Company estimates actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differences in accounting for reporting purposes and tax purposes for certain items, such as accruals and allowances not currently deductible for tax purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. In general, deferred tax assets represent future tax benefits to be received when certain expenses previously recognized in the Company’s statements of operations and comprehensive loss become deductible expenses under applicable income tax laws or when net operating loss or credit carryforwards are utilized. Accordingly, realization of the Company’s deferred tax assets is dependent on future taxable income against which these deductions, losses and credits can be utilized.The Company assesses the likelihood that the Company’s deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income, and to the extent the Company believes that recovery is not likely, the Company establishes a valuation allowance. The assessment of whether or not a valuation allowance is required often requires significant judgment, including the forecast of future taxable income and on-going prudent and feasible tax planning initiatives. Based upon the weight of available evidence, the Company has determined that net deferred tax assets should be fully offset by a valuation allowance. When the Company establishes or reduces the valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets, its provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made. The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 740. Tax positions are evaluated in a two-step process, whereby the Company first determines whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination by tax authorities, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on technical merit. If a tax position meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, it is then measured to determine the amount of benefit to be recognized in the financial statements. The tax position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to the underpayment of income taxes as a component of income tax expense or benefit. To date, there have been no interest or penalties charged in relation to unrecognized tax benefits.

0.50 Comprehensive loss Comprehensive loss represents the net loss for the period and other comprehensive income. Other comprehensive loss reflects certain gains and losses that are recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity and are not reflected in the statements of operations. The Company’s other comprehensive loss consists of changes in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, net of tax. There was no income tax effect related to unrealized gains and losses during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

3. Fair Value Measurements Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company classifies money market funds and U.S. treasury securities as Level 1 investments as the Company uses quoted prices in active markets for identical assets to determine the fair value. The Company classifies corporate bonds and commercial paper as Level 2 investments as the Company uses quoted prices for similar assets sourced from certain third-party pricing services. The third-party pricing services generally utilize industry standard valuation models for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly, to estimate the price or fair value of the securities. The primary input generally includes reported trades of or quotes on the same or similar securities. The Company does not make additional judgments or assumptions made to the pricing data sourced from the third-party pricing services.<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The following table summarizes the Company's financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands): <table style="border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:38.732%;"></td> <td style="width:11.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="14" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">December 31, 2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Fair Value Hierarchy Level</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Amortized Cost</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Gross Unrealized Gains</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Gross Unrealized Losses</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Money market funds</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Level 1</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">95,875</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">95,875</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Total cash equivalents</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">95,875</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">95,875</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table> <table style="border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:38.732%;"></td> <td style="width:11.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="14" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">December 31, 2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Fair Value Hierarchy Level</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Amortized Cost</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Gross Unrealized Gains</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Gross Unrealized Losses</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Money market funds</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Level 1</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">22,496</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">22,496</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Total cash equivalents</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">22,496</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">22,496</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">U.S. government treasury securities</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Level 1</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">43,779</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(516</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">43,264</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Corporate bonds</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Level 2</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,369</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(43</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,326</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Total short-term investments</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">55,148</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(559</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">54,590</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Total cash equivalents and investments</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">77,644</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">(559</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">77,086</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table></div>There have been no realized gains or losses on available for sale securities for the periods presented. Unrealized gains and losses are included in “accumulated other comprehensive loss” within stockholders' equity on the balance sheets. There were no investments as of December 31, 2023. Investments that were in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2022 consisted of (in thousands):<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:34.414%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:7.943%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.16%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:7.943%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.16%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:7.943%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.16%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:7.943%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.16%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:7.943%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.16%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:8.063%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="22" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">December 31, 2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Less than 12 months</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Greater than 12 months</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Total</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Unrealized Losses</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Unrealized Losses</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Unrealized Losses</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">U.S. government treasury securities</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">16,743</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(77</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">23,585</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(439</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">40,328</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(516</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Corporate bonds</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,326</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(43</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,326</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(43</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Total short-term investments</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">16,743</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">(77</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">34,911</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">(482</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">51,654</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">(559</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> </table></div>No allowance for credit losses has been recognized as of December 31, 2023. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company did not recognize any impairment losses related to investments. The estimated fair value of the term loan was $3.6 million and $4.9 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and was based on market observable interest rates, a Level 2 input.The Company did not have any financial liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.

The following table summarizes the Company's financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands): <table style="border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:38.732%;"></td> <td style="width:11.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="14" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">December 31, 2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Fair Value Hierarchy Level</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Amortized Cost</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Gross Unrealized Gains</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Gross Unrealized Losses</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Money market funds</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Level 1</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">95,875</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">95,875</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Total cash equivalents</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">95,875</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">95,875</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table> <table style="border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:38.732%;"></td> <td style="width:11.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.198%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="14" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">December 31, 2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Fair Value Hierarchy Level</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Amortized Cost</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Gross Unrealized Gains</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Gross Unrealized Losses</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Money market funds</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Level 1</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">22,496</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">22,496</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Total cash equivalents</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">22,496</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">22,496</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">U.S. government treasury securities</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Level 1</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">43,779</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(516</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">43,264</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Corporate bonds</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Level 2</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,369</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(43</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,326</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Total short-term investments</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">55,148</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(559</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">54,590</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Total cash equivalents and investments</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">77,644</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">(559</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">77,086</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table>

95875000

22496000

43779000

1000

516000

43264000

11369000

43000

11326000

55148000

1000

559000

54590000

77644000

1000

559000

77086000

Investments that were in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2022 consisted of (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:34.414%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:7.943%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.16%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:7.943%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.16%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:7.943%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.16%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:7.943%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.16%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:7.943%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.16%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:8.063%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="22" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">December 31, 2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Less than 12 months</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Greater than 12 months</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Total</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Unrealized Losses</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Unrealized Losses</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Unrealized Losses</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">U.S. government treasury securities</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">16,743</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(77</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">23,585</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(439</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">40,328</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(516</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Corporate bonds</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,326</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(43</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,326</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(43</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">Total short-term investments</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">16,743</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">(77</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">34,911</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">(482</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">51,654</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">(559</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> </table>No

16743000

77000

23585000

439000

40328000

516000

11326000

43000

11326000

43000

16743000

77000

34911000

482000

51654000

559000

3600000

4900000

4. Balance Sheet ComponentsAccrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:60.2%;"></td> <td style="width:1.82%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.08%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.82%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.08%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">December 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Accrued research and development expenses</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">10,832</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">7,449</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Accrued compensation and benefits</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">3,101</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,286</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Accrued general and administrative expenses</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">416</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">525</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Lease liabilities, current portion</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">251</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">139</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">14,600</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">9,399</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table></div>Accrued research and development expenses were primarily related to clinical trials and manufacturing of clinical drug supply.

3101000

1286000

416000 525000 251000 139000 14600000 9399000

6500

2022-12 2028-02

1700000

The Company has an option to extend the lease term of the South San Francisco Lease for an additional three years which has not been included in the lease term as it is not reasonably certain that the Company will exercise this option.

P3Y

29000 35000

337000

465000

251000

492000

P4Y2M12D

P5Y2M12D

0.08

343000

354000

365000

376000

64000

1502000

232000

1270000

251000

1019000

1270000

4500000

49609

1.44

100000

46358

30000000 20000000 10000000

2022-12-31

2026-01-01

3300000

3400000

39000

10000000

0.005 0.0375 37

0.09

0.08

300000 0.06 0.01 0.02

As of December 31, 2023, future payments of principal and interest are as follows (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:80.444%;"></td> <td style="width:1.8%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:15.757%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Year ending December 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">2024</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,863</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">2025</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,714</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">2026</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">136</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">3,713</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Less: interest</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(335</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Term loan, gross</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">3,378</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Less: unamortized debt issuance costs</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(39</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Less: term loan, current portion</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(1,622</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Term loan, net of current portion</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">1,717</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table>

1863000

1714000

136000

3713000

335000

3378000

39000

1622000

1717000

800000

23000000

15000000 65000000 15000000

10100000

4900000

200000000

0.0001

one vote

12687000

4097376

4166194

3482663

1996128

77631

940061

675038

601819

21019708

7704202

. Stock-Based Compensation Equity Incentive PlansThe Company adopted the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”) in October 2020. The 2020 Plan is a successor to and continuation of the Amended and Restated 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”) and provides for the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and other stock or cash-based awards to individuals who are then employees, officers, directors or consultants. A total of 2,647,684 shares of common stock were approved to be initially reserved for issuance under the 2020 Plan. In addition, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2020 Plan will be automatically increased on the first day of each calendar year during the ten-year term of the 2020 Plan, beginning with January 1, 2021 and ending with January 1, 2030, by an amount equal to 5% of the outstanding number of shares of the Company’s common stock on December 31st of the preceding calendar year or such lesser amount as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors. Following the effectiveness of the 2020 Plan, no further grants will be made under the 2016 Plan; however, shares subject to awards granted under the 2016 Plan will continue to be governed by the 2016 Plan.The Board of Directors determines the per share exercise price of each stock option, which for ISOs shall not be less than 100% of the fair market value of a share on the date of grant; provided that the exercise price of an ISO granted to a stockholder who at the time of grant owns stock representing more than 10% of the voting power of all classes of stock (a 10% stockholder) shall not be less than 110% of the fair market value of a share on the date of grant.The Board of Directors determines the period over which options vest and become exercisable. Options granted to new employees generally vest over a four-year period: 25% of the shares vest on the first anniversary from the vesting commencement date of the option and an additional 1/48th of the shares vest on each monthly anniversary thereafter, subject to the employee’s continuous service through each vesting date.The Board of Directors also determines the term of options, provided the maximum term for ISOs granted to a 10% stockholder must be no longer than five years from date of grant and the maximum term for all other options must be no longer than ten years from date of grant. If an option holder’s service terminates, options generally terminate three months from the date of termination except under certain circumstances, such as death or disability.Under the 2020 Plan and the 2016 Plan, individuals can be granted the ability to early exercise their options. There were no shares, related to the early exercise of options, subject to repurchase by the Company as of December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2023, 77,631 shares remained available for issuance under the 2020 Plan and no shares remained available for issuance under the 2016 Plan.<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information is as follows (in thousands, except share and per share amounts): <table style="border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:44.509%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:11.022%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.26%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:10.362%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:11.022%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.26%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:10.562000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Outstanding Stock Options</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Weighted- Average Exercise Price</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Aggregate Intrinsic Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance as of December 31, 2022</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">4,166,194</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">3.38</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">7.7</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">52</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Granted</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">270,000</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2.26</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Exercised</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(54</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">3.07</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Forfeited</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(338,764</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">4.85</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance as of December 31, 2023</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">4,097,376</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">3.19</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">7.2</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">3,050</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2023</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">3,972,376</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">3.15</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">7.2</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">3,050</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2023</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">2,622,154</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">3.13</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">6.5</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2,249</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> </table></div>Stock options vested and expected to vest differs from total stock options outstanding as it excludes 125,000 performance-based stock options for which the performance criteria is not considered probable of achievement as of December 31, 2023.The aggregate intrinsic values of options outstanding and exercisable were calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the options and the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock as of the respective balance sheet date. The total intrinsic value of options exercised was immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The total fair value of options vested was $4.0 million and $1.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) <div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">A summary of the Company’s RSU activity and related information is as follows (in thousands, except share and per share amounts): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:61.78%;"></td> <td style="width:1.28%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:15.82%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.76%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:15.360000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;">Number of RSUs</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;">Weight-Average Grant Date Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance as of December 31, 2022</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,996,128</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1.35</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Granted</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2,375,250</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2.00</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Vested</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(484,152</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1.91</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Forfeited</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(404,563</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2.40</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance as of December 31, 2023</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">3,482,663</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1.59</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> </table>For the year ended December 31, 2022, the weighted average fair value of RSUs granted was $1.24 per share. The total fair value of RSUs vested was $0.9 million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of RSUs outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $10.2 million and $2.2 million, respectively.</div>During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company granted 2,375,250 RSUs, including 1,449,300 RSUs subject to time-based vesting in installments through December 2027 and 925,950 RSUs subject to performance-based vesting conditions related to the satisfaction of certain clinical development milestones. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has granted 2,018,375 RSUs subject to performance-based vesting conditions, of which 864,263 RSUs are considered probable of achievement. Employee Stock Purchase Plan The Company’s Board of Directors adopted and the Company’s stockholders approved the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) in October 2020. The ESPP allows eligible employees to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at a discount through payroll deductions of up to 15% of their eligible compensation. At the end of each purchase period, employees are able to purchase shares at 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock as of the offering date or the applicable purchase date. A total of 220,640 shares of common stock were approved to be initially reserved for issuance under the ESPP. In addition, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the ESPP will be automatically increased on the first day of each calendar year during the first ten-years of the term of the ESPP, beginning with January 1, 2021 and ending with January 1, 2030, by an amount equal to the lessor of (i) 1% of the outstanding number of shares of the Company’s common stock on December 31st of the preceding calendar year, (ii) 441,280 shares of common stock or (iii) such lesser amount as determined by the Board of Directors. Except for the initial offering period, the ESPP provides for 24-month offering periods starting every January 1st and July 1st, each consisting of four six-month purchase periods. As of December 31, 2023, 675,038 shares of common stock remained available for issuance under the ESPP.Stock-Based Compensation Expense For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the weighted-average fair value of options granted was $1.65 and $2.34 per share, respectively.<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The Company estimated the fair value of stock options and purchase rights under ESPP using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, with the following weighted-average assumptions: <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:44.509%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:10.822000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:10.822000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:10.822000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:11.022%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Options</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">ESPP</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Options</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">ESPP</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Expected term (in years)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">5.6</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1.4</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">6.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1.4</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Expected volatility</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">87.8</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">104.6</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">105.4</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">77.2</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Risk-free interest rate</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">3.7</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">5.4</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2.4</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2.2</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Expected dividend rate</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> </tr> </table></div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense related to stock options, RSUs and ESPP that is included in the Company’s statements of operations and comprehensive loss (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:61.768%;"></td> <td style="width:1.76%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:15.357000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.76%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:15.357000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Year Ended December 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Research and development</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,547</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">929</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">General and administrative</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">3,075</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">2,702</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total stock-based compensation expense</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">4,622</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">3,631</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table></div>As of December 31, 2023, there was approximately $6.8 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to awards that are expected to vest, which is expected to be recognized over an estimated weighted-average vesting term of 1.5 years.

2647684

In addition, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2020 Plan will be automatically increased on the first day of each calendar year during the ten-year term of the 2020 Plan, beginning with January 1, 2021 and ending with January 1, 2030, by an amount equal to 5% of the outstanding number of shares of the Company’s common stock on December 31st of the preceding calendar year or such lesser amount as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors.

P10Y 0.05

Following the effectiveness of the 2020 Plan, no further grants will be made under the 2016 Plan; however, shares subject to awards granted under the 2016 Plan will continue to be governed by the 2016 Plan.

Board of Directors determines the per share exercise price of each stock option, which for ISOs shall not be less than 100% of the fair market value of a share on the date of grant; provided that the exercise price of an ISO granted to a stockholder who at the time of grant owns stock representing more than 10% of the voting power of all classes of stock (a 10% stockholder) shall not be less than 110% of the fair market value of a share on the date of grant. 1 0.10 1.10

P4Y

0.25

P5Y P10Y P3M 0

77631

4166194

3.38

P7Y8M12D

52000

270000

2.26

3.07

338764

4.85

4097376

3.19

P7Y2M12D

3050000

3972376

3.15

P7Y2M12D

3050000

2622154

3.13

P6Y6M

2249000

125000

4000000

1900000

A summary of the Company’s RSU activity and related information is as follows (in thousands, except share and per share amounts): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:61.78%;"></td> <td style="width:1.28%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:15.82%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.76%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:15.360000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;">Number of RSUs</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;">Weight-Average Grant Date Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance as of December 31, 2022</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,996,128</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1.35</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Granted</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2,375,250</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2.00</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Vested</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(484,152</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1.91</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Forfeited</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(404,563</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2.40</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance as of December 31, 2023</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">3,482,663</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1.59</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> </table>For the year ended December 31, 2022, the weighted average fair value of RSUs granted was $1.24 per share. The total fair value of RSUs vested was $0.9 million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of RSUs outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $10.2 million and $2.2 million, respectively.

1996128

1.35

2375250

484152

1.91

404563

2.4

3482663

1.59

1.24

900000

300000

10200000

2200000

2375250

1449300

925950

2018375

864263

0.15

0.85

220640

In addition, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the ESPP will be automatically increased on the first day of each calendar year during the first ten-years of the term of the ESPP, beginning with January 1, 2021 and ending with January 1, 2030, by an amount equal to the lessor of (i) 1% of the outstanding number of shares of the Company’s common stock on December 31st of the preceding calendar year, (ii) 441,280 shares of common stock or (iii) such lesser amount as determined by the Board of Directors.

P10Y 0.01

441280

provides for 24-month offering periods starting every January 1st and July 1st, each consisting of four six-month purchase periods

675038

1.65

2.34

P5Y7M6D

P1Y4M24D

P6Y

P1Y4M24D

0.878

1.046

1.054

0.772

0.037

0.054

0.024

0.022

1547000

929000

3075000

2702000

4622000

3631000

6800000

P1Y6M

11. Income TaxesThe Company did not have any income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. The reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows:<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:56.88%;"></td> <td style="width:1.34%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.34%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:2.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.34%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:2.78%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">December 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Federal statutory income tax rate</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">21.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">21.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">State income tax, net of federal benefit</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">7.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Nondeductible expenses</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(5.3</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(0.5</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Tax credits</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">23.8</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">8.9</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Stock-based compensation</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(0.8</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Change in valuation allowance</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(35.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(36.4</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Change in state apportionment - deferred tax impact</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(3.7</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Effective tax rate</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> </tr> </table></div>Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:58.52%;"></td> <td style="width:1.86%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.38%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:2.86%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.38%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">December 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Deferred tax assets:</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Net operating loss carryforwards</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">33,400</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">33,871</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Capitalized research and experimental costs</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">11,744</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">5,559</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Accruals</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">626</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">369</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Intangible assets</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">77</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">116</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Tax credits</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">20,292</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">8,878</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Operating lease liability</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">267</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">392</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Other</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">991</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">1,568</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total gross deferred tax assets</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">67,397</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">50,753</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Valuation allowance</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(67,148</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(50,359</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total deferred tax assets</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">249</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">394</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Deferred tax liabilities:</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Operating lease right-of-use asset</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(248</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(392</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Other</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(1</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(2</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total deferred tax liabilities</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(249</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(394</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total net deferred tax assets</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table></div>Management regularly assesses the ability to realize deferred tax assets recorded based upon the weight of available evidence, including such factors as recent earnings history and expected future taxable income on a jurisdiction by jurisdiction basis. In the event that the Company changes its determination as to the amount of realizable deferred tax assets, the Company will adjust its valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made. The Company’s management believes that, based on a number of factors, it is more likely than not, that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized; and accordingly, for the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company has provided a valuation allowance against the Company’s U.S. net deferred tax assets. The valuation allowance increased by $16.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to an increase in the net operating loss (primarily from pre-tax book loss) and an increase in current year capitalization of Section 174 research and experimental costs. The valuation allowance increased by $17.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to an increase in the net operating loss (primarily from pre-tax book loss) and the current year capitalization of Section 174 research and experimental costs. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards for federal and state income tax purposes of approximately $118.2 million and $123.0 million, respectively, both of which will begin to expire in 2036 with the exception of $111.0 million of the Company's federal net operating losses that carry over indefinitely.As of December 31, 2023, the Company had federal general business credit and state research and development credit carryforwards of approximately $22.2 million and $1.7 million, respectively. The federal general business credit carryforwards will begin to expire in 2036 while the California research credit carryforwards have an indefinite life. The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, imposes restrictions on the utilization of net operating losses in the event of an “ownership change” of a corporation. Accordingly, a company’s ability to use net operating losses may be limited as prescribed under Internal Revenue Code Section 382 (“IRC Section 382”). Events which may cause limitations in the amount of the net operating losses that the Company may use in any one year include, but are not limited to, a cumulative ownership change of more than 50% over a three-year period. Utilization of the federal and state net operating losses may be subject to substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations provided by the IRC Section 382 and similar state provisions.The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and California state jurisdiction. The Company is not currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service or any other similar state, local, or foreign authority. All tax years remain open to examination by major taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject.Uncertain Income Tax PositionsThe Company had approximately $3.2 million and $3.0 million of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. No liability related to uncertain tax positions is recorded in the financial statements due to the fact the liabilities have been netted against deferred attribute carryovers. The unrecognized tax benefits would not impact the annual effective tax rate if recognized because the Company has recorded a valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets. The Company does not expect the amount of unrecognized tax benefits to materially change in the next 12 months. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company has not recognized any tax-related penalties or interest in its financial statements.<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of the unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:95.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:58.52%;"></td> <td style="width:1.86%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.38%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:2.86%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.38%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">December 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance at the beginning of the period</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2,959</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,589</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Increases based on tax positions related to current period</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">956</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,433</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0ff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Increases based on tax positions related to prior period</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,520</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Decreases based on tax positions related to prior period</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(2,195</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(63</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0ff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance at the end of the period</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">3,240</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">2,959</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table></div>

The reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows: <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:56.88%;"></td> <td style="width:1.34%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.34%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:2.32%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.34%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:2.78%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">December 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Federal statutory income tax rate</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">21.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">21.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">State income tax, net of federal benefit</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">7.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Nondeductible expenses</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(5.3</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(0.5</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Tax credits</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">23.8</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">8.9</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Stock-based compensation</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(0.8</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Change in valuation allowance</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(35.0</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(36.4</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Change in state apportionment - deferred tax impact</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(3.7</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Effective tax rate</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">%</td> </tr> </table>

0.21

0.07

-0.053

-0.005

0.238

0.089

-0.008

-0.35

-0.364

-0.037

Significant components of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:80.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:58.52%;"></td> <td style="width:1.86%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.38%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:2.86%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.38%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">December 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">2022</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Deferred tax assets:</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Net operating loss carryforwards</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">33,400</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">33,871</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Capitalized research and experimental costs</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">11,744</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">5,559</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Accruals</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">626</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">369</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Intangible assets</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">77</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">116</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Tax credits</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">20,292</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">8,878</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Operating lease liability</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">267</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">392</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Other</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">991</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">1,568</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total gross deferred tax assets</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">67,397</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">50,753</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Valuation allowance</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(67,148</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(50,359</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total deferred tax assets</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">249</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">394</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Deferred tax liabilities:</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Operating lease right-of-use asset</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(248</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(392</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:5pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Other</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(1</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(2</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total deferred tax liabilities</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(249</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(394</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total net deferred tax assets</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table>

33400000

33871000

11744000 5559000

626000

369000

77000

116000

20292000

8878000

267000 392000

991000

1568000

67397000

50753000

67148000

50359000

249000

394000

248000 392000

1000

2000

249000

394000

16800000

17000000

118200000

123000000

2036 2036

111000000

22200000

1700000

2036

3200000

3000000

2959000

1589000

956000

1433000

1520000

2195000

63000

3240000

2959000

100000

-47919000

-46180000

38510220

23527116

-1.24

-1.96

12687000

4097376

4166194

3482663

1996128

126151

303236

20393190

6465558

0.21

400000

1200000